English language teaching
Sura Mohamed Kamkam; Mahmoud Afrouz; ضرغام قبانچی; Manijeh Youhanaee
Abstract
Studies on teaching asecond/foreign language present evidence that affirms the significance of interaction in language learning and its function in facilitating learners' attempts to gain competency in an L2. They also consider learners’ affective states and their perceptions of classroom ...
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Studies on teaching asecond/foreign language present evidence that affirms the significance of interaction in language learning and its function in facilitating learners' attempts to gain competency in an L2. They also consider learners’ affective states and their perceptions of classroom interaction to be as significant as instruction. On the other hand, the notion of willingness to communicate (WTC) in an L2 has attracted interest in L2 research and how to accelerate L2 learners’ WTC is gaining importance day by day. Considering the significance of these two constructs in L2 learning, this article reports on an investigation into EFL learners’ perceptions of class interactions in English language and how these perceptions are related to their WTC. Applying quantitative methods, the study aims to examine how Iraqi EFL learners’ perceptions of interaction inside the class are correlated to their L2 WTC. The data obtained from 112learners were utilized for analysis. The findings indicated different kinds of learners’ perceptions of class interactions in English, including perceptions of interaction with the teacher, perceptions of interaction with group members, perceptions of interaction in pairs, and perceptions of classroom interaction between others, are positively related toWTC.
English language teaching
Hussein Al Khafaji; Zahra Amirian; Mohammad Amiryousefi; Abbas Sultan
Abstract
This study was an attempt to see whether the instruction of pragmatic markers in virtual vs. real classroom settings and in universities vs. private institutes had any effect on EFL learners’ speaking ability. A group of 224 EFL learners of English Translation and English teaching passing conversation ...
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This study was an attempt to see whether the instruction of pragmatic markers in virtual vs. real classroom settings and in universities vs. private institutes had any effect on EFL learners’ speaking ability. A group of 224 EFL learners of English Translation and English teaching passing conversation courses were selected and randomly divided into four groups. The two experimental groups (both in university and language institute settings) received instruction on pragmatic markers in online vs. real conversation classrooms while the two control groups (in university and language institute settings) did not receive instruction on pragmatic markers in online vs. real conversation classrooms. The results indicated that generally those who received pragmatic instruction outperformed those who did not receive such kind of instruction and the participants in real classrooms outperformed their virtual counterparts in terms of speaking ability. The study also examined the intervening effects of some social and personal factors including age, gender, social class and level of language proficiency.
English language learning
Ehsan Namaziandost; Hossein Kargar Behbahani; Goodarz Shakibaei
Abstract
This investigation aimed to inform instructional practices that foster linguistic development and enhance the overall language learning experience by unraveling the nuanced dynamics at play. To this end, the researchers explored the influence of two distinct vocabulary books, "Keyword for Fluency" ...
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This investigation aimed to inform instructional practices that foster linguistic development and enhance the overall language learning experience by unraveling the nuanced dynamics at play. To this end, the researchers explored the influence of two distinct vocabulary books, "Keyword for Fluency" and "1100 Words You Need to Know," on language growth, willingness to communicate (WTC), and academic engagement within the upper-intermediate learner demographic. With 40 participants in the experimental group (EG) exposed to "Keyword for Fluency" and 40 participants in the control group (CG) using "1100 Words You Need to Know", all demonstrating upper-intermediate language proficiency, a concurrent mixed-methods research design was employed. A comprehensive teacher-made test was designed and administered to gauge language growth. The EG received targeted instruction based on "Keyword for Fluency," while the CG adhered to conventional language teaching methods centered on "1100." Our findings showcased substantial language growth, increased WTC, and enhanced academic engagement among participants in the EG as opposed to the CG. This study offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum designers, and researchers seeking to optimize vocabulary instruction strategies for upper-intermediate learners.
English language learning
Afsar Rouhi; Afsaneh Saeedakhtar; Behrooz seifi; Reza Abdi
Abstract
Objective: This study explores the effect of recruiting topics valued by students along with the interest-igniting mode of reading texts, collectively framed as funds of identity, on willingness to read.
Methods: To this end, three groups of students were recruited. Over a 17-session experiment, all ...
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Objective: This study explores the effect of recruiting topics valued by students along with the interest-igniting mode of reading texts, collectively framed as funds of identity, on willingness to read.
Methods: To this end, three groups of students were recruited. Over a 17-session experiment, all the three groups received books in and out of tune with their FoI, elicited through an initial-semester researcher-made questionnaire. One group (n = 20) received e-books with few interactive features, the second group (n = 20) received e-books with no interactive features, and the third group (n = 20) received print books. WTR and attitude changes toward e-books were assessed using initial- and final-semester questionnaires. Students were also required to send summaries of their readings and keep journals throughout the experiment. They finally gave a post-treatment interview.
Results: Qualitative sets of data in juxtaposition with quantitative ones lent support to the positive influence FoI and e-books exercised on WTR and attitude change toward e-books.
Conclusions: FoI operationalized through e-books increased learners' WTR. In light of the patterns of changes observed, FoI of students are suggested to be taken into consideration for obtaining better educational results.
English language learning
parisa Abazari; Abbas Ali Rezaee; Nasrin Bahrainy
Abstract
Abstract
The use of blended learning (BL) in foreign language teaching is becoming increasingly popular among language teachers worldwide. Since there is a dearth of studies dealing with BL in the context of Iran, conducting this study is significant to clarify learners' and instructors' perceptions ...
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Abstract
The use of blended learning (BL) in foreign language teaching is becoming increasingly popular among language teachers worldwide. Since there is a dearth of studies dealing with BL in the context of Iran, conducting this study is significant to clarify learners' and instructors' perceptions towards blended, online, and face-to-face (F2F) instructions to gain a better understanding of how language learning can be enhanced through each instructional module. In this study, a mixed-methods design was used to investigate how Iranian EFL university instructors and learners perceive blended, online, and F2F instructions and their interplay with each other to facilitate more effective instruction. To this end, researchers at the English Department, Karaj Islamic Azad University, conducted a survey of 410 students studying English Translation using a Likert-scale questionnaire and an open-ended one developed by the researchers. In addition, 46 University instructors answered the open-ended questionnaire and 10 of them were also interviewed. The results showed that both instructors and learners held that by using F2F and online modules together and combining the positive aspects of each module, more effective English language learning can be achieved.
English language learning
Emad Khosravani; Ali Akbar Jabbari; Ali Mohammad Fazilatfar; Mohammad Javad Rezai
Abstract
This study aims to identify the role of transfer in the L3 acquisition of indefinite frequency adverbs, be it L1, L2 or both; to determine whether CLI occurs on a feature-by-feature basis or as a wholesale phenomenon; to investigate the influence of the learners' L2 proficiency on the L3 acquisition ...
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This study aims to identify the role of transfer in the L3 acquisition of indefinite frequency adverbs, be it L1, L2 or both; to determine whether CLI occurs on a feature-by-feature basis or as a wholesale phenomenon; to investigate the influence of the learners' L2 proficiency on the L3 acquisition of indefinite frequency adverbs; and to examine the effect of different task modalities on the facilitative/detrimental role of background languages in the transfer of indefinite frequency adverbs in the early stages of German learning. To this end, we studied 30 Persian-speaking L3 German learners with previous L2 knowledge of English. We collected data from a grammaticality judgement task to account for learners' receptive knowledge and an element rearrangement task to measure learners' production. The data were analyzed using multivariate tests and paired samples t-tests, which allowed us to estimate the effects of background languages, learners' L2 proficiency, and task type on the acquisition of indefinite frequency adverbs. The results contradicted the wholesale CLI and supported the CEM and LPM, which claim that transfer occurs property by property. The results also refuted the role of learners' L2 proficiency and task type.
English language teaching
Seyedeh Elham Elhambakhsh
Abstract
The field of language assessment, commemorating its 40th anniversary since the launch of language testing, has evolved significantly over the years. This study aimed to investigate the key findings and insights from exploring the role of construct validity in shaping the design of English Language Assessment ...
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The field of language assessment, commemorating its 40th anniversary since the launch of language testing, has evolved significantly over the years. This study aimed to investigate the key findings and insights from exploring the role of construct validity in shaping the design of English Language Assessment (ELA) tasks. Additionally, it delved into the challenges encountered in construct validity research studies and the strategies suggested by experts to enhance it. The research team utilized a mixed-method research design for the current study. A total sample size of 37 participants was deployed. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize survey responses using quantitative analysis software (e.g., SPSS). Qualitative data was coded and organized using qualitative analysis software (e.g., NVIVO). Based on the research findings, experts in the current study have proposed strategies, and recommendations for enhancing construct validity. These strategies encompassed the incorporation of contextual factors into assessment design, the promotion of continuous validation research, the diversification of task types, and the active involvement of test-takers in the assessment development process. The findings of this study may render implications for EFL teachers, teacher trainers, and assessment administrators.
English language teaching
mehri farzaneh; farzaneh khodabndeh; Ehsan Rezvani
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of input flooding techniques on the utilization of parallel structures in essay writing among EFL learners, comparing two instructional settings: flipped online and flipped face-to-face. A total of 73 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the flipped ...
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This study investigates the impact of input flooding techniques on the utilization of parallel structures in essay writing among EFL learners, comparing two instructional settings: flipped online and flipped face-to-face. A total of 73 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the flipped online group , the flipped face-to-face group , and a control group . In the flipped online approach, the participants were exposed to input flooding through pre-recorded videos and received online feedback on their essays, allowing for extensive exposure to parallel structures. In the flipped face-to-face approach, the participants received the same instructional materials emphasizing relevant structures and engaged in activities to promote the use of parallel structures. The control group followed their regular instructional method without any specific intervention. Following the treatment sessions, all participants underwent a post-test essay assessment to evaluate their proficiency in utilizing parallel structures. The results indicate that the flipped online group demonstrated the highest level of proficiency, highlighting the effectiveness of input flooding techniques in promoting the use of parallel structures in essay writing.
